Your scalp is home to acomplex microbiome composed of bacteria and yeasts that are essential to its health. An imbalance causes dandruff, itching, and oily hair.
Organic hydrosols (natural floral waters) rebalance this microbiota thanks to their gentle antimicrobial properties and suitable pH. Unlike harsh chemicals, they respect the skin's balance while offering visible benefits in 2-3 weeks.

Our natural products made from certified organic hydrosols
The benefits of hydrosols: a scientific approach
Before diving into the science of the microbiome, discover the concrete benefits of organic hydrosols for your scalp and hair.
Direct benefits of hydrosols
1. Soothe itching and irritation
- Reduction of inflammation in 3-5 days
- Immediate relief thanks to flavonoids
- Ideal for reactive or sensitive scalps
2. Tone and tighten pores
- Natural astringent effect of tannins
- Tightens the pores of the scalp
- Reduces shine and visible oil
3. Regulate sebum production
- Peppermint and sage reduce sebum by 30-40%.
- Less oily hair for longer
- Visible results in 2-3 weeks
4. Eliminate dandruff
- Antimicrobial action on Malassezia
- Gradual disappearance of dandruff
- Long-lasting results in 4-6 weeks
5. Strengthen the skin barrier
- Hydration without chemical residues
- Natural minerals (calcium, magnesium)
- More resilient scalp
Properties of hydrosols: beyond the microbiome
Hydrosols offer recognized cosmetic properties:
- ✅ Moisturizing properties: Distilled water + natural minerals
- ✅ Toning properties: Tightens and revitalizes
- ✅ Soothing properties: Reduces inflammation and irritation
- ✅ Antioxidant properties: Protects against oxidative stress
- ✅ Antimicrobial properties: Inhibits pathogens without causing damage
- ✅ Astringent properties: Naturally tightens pores
Why the scalp microbiome is crucial
Your scalp is not an inert surface. It is a living ecosystem where billions of microorganisms coexist: bacteria, yeasts, fungi. This delicate balance is called the skin microbiome (or microbiota).
When this balance is maintained, your scalp is healthy: shiny hair, no dandruff, no itching. But as soon as it becomes unbalanced, problems arise: oily hair, dandruff, irritation, chronic itching.
The good news? Natural and organic hydrosols offer a gentle, scientifically proven solution to restore this balance without damaging your skin.
Discover how these ancient floral waters can transform the health of your scalp.
What is the scalp microbiome?
Definition: Microbiome vs. Microbiota
These two terms are often confused, but they do not mean exactly the same thing:
- Microbiota = all the microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, fungi) that live on your skin
- Microbiome = microbiota + its genetic and chemical environment
In practice, both terms are used to refer to the same concept: the microbial ecosystem of your scalp.
A complex and balanced ecosystem
Your scalp is home to around 100 billion microorganisms divided into several families:
Balance is key. When one species proliferates excessively (such as Malassezia), imbalance begins.
The role of a healthy microbiome: 3 essential functions
A balanced microbiome plays three critical roles in the health of your scalp:
1. Skin barrier protection
Beneficial microorganisms create a protective barrier against external pathogens (harmful bacteria, aggressive fungi). They secrete natural antimicrobial substances that prevent infections.
2. Regulation of pH and water balance
A healthy microbiome maintains a slightly acidic pH (4.5-5.5) which:
- Prevents the proliferation of pathogens
- Maintains natural moisture levels
- Reduces irritation and itching
3. Local immune system
The microbiota stimulates your skin's immune defenses, strengthening its ability to regenerate and fight off aggressions.
Composition of the hair microbiome: the main players
Beneficial bacteria
Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes)
- Regulates sebum production
- Produces fatty acids that protect the skin
- Excessive amounts: causes dandruff and itching
Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Beneficial commensal bacteria
- Antimicrobial peptide product
- Protects against infections
Yeasts: Malassezia, the balancing act
Malassezia is the most important yeast on the scalp. It:
- Naturally breaks down lipids (sebum)
- Lives in symbiosis with bacteria
- Excess → seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff, itching
That is why regulating Malassezia is key to a healthy scalp.

Causes of microbiome imbalance: why things go wrong
Several factors can disrupt your skin microbiome:
External factors
- Harsh chemicals: sulfate shampoos, harsh shower gels
- Tap water: chlorine, limescale, alkaline pH (7-8) instead of 4.5-5.5
- Pollution: fine particles, heavy metals
- Climate changes: cold, excessive humidity, intense sunlight
Internal factors
- Chronic stress: increases sebum production and weakens immunity
- Hormonal imbalances: puberty, menstrual cycle, menopause
- Diet: refined sugars, trans fatty acids, lack of nutrients
- Antibiotics: also destroy beneficial bacteria
Care-related factors
- Washing too frequently: removes protective oils
- Water that is too hot: damages the skin barrier
- Unsuitable products: too rich or too harsh for your scalp type
Dandruff and the microbiome: the scientific link
Dandruff is not simply dryness. It is a visible symptom of a microbial imbalance.
Mechanism: How Malassezia causes dandruff
- Excessive proliferation of Malassezia (due to the above factors)
- Abnormal degradation of scalp lipids
- Production of irritating fatty acids (oleic acid)
- Inflammatory reaction: itching, redness
- Desquamation: appearance of visible flakes
Types of film and microbiome
Good news: Rebalancing the microbiome eliminates dandruff at its source, not just on the surface.
Hydrosols: the natural solution for rebalancing the microbiome
What is a hydrosol (floral water)?
A hydrosol (also known as floral water or flower water) is a by-product of steam distillation of aromatic plants.
Distillation process:
- Water vapor passes through flowers/plants
- Extracts volatile molecules
- Steam condenses in two phases:
- Essential oil (light, concentrated)
- Hydrosol (aqueous, diluted, mild)
- Key difference between water and hydrosol: Hydrosol contains the same active molecules as essential oil, but in much lower concentrations (0.1-1% vs. 100%). This is why it is gentle and safe for daily use on the scalp.
Why hydrosols rebalance the microbiome
Hydrosols act on three levels:
1. Mild antimicrobial properties
Hydrosols contain active molecules (terpenes, phenols, aldehydes) that:
- Inhibit the proliferation of Malassezia
- Strengthen beneficial bacteria
- Do not destroy the overall balance (unlike antibiotics)
2. pH regulation
Organic hydrosols have a naturally acidic pH (3.5-5.5) which:
- Restores the protective acidity of the scalp
- Neutralizes the alkaline effect of tap water
- Creates an environment hostile to pathogens
3. Hydration and soothing
Hydrosols contain:
- Distilled water: moisturizes without leaving chemical residues
- Minerals: calcium, magnesium, potassium
- Soothing molecules: flavonoids, tannins
- Toning effect: tightens pores, reduces inflammation
Benefits of organic hydrosols
Organic hydrosols offer an additional guarantee:
- ✅ No pesticides or chemical residues
- ✅ Natural distillation without synthetic solvents
- ✅ Maximum concentration of active molecules
- ✅ Better skin tolerance
- ✅ Minimal environmental impact
Recommended hydrosols: guide by scalp type
1. Lavender hydrosol (Lavandula angustifolia)
Properties:
- Powerful antimicrobial against Malassezia
- Soothing and anti-inflammatory
- Regulates sebum production
- Tones the scalp
Ideal for:
- Oily scalp with dandruff
- Chronic itching
- Sensitive and reactive scalp
Use: Spray 1-2 times daily onto the scalp.
2.Rose hydrosol (Rosa damascena or Rosa centifolia)
Properties:
- Balances pH naturally
- Moisturizing and softening
- Mild anti-inflammatory
- Mild astringent properties
Ideal for:
- Sensitive and irritated scalp
- Dry scalp with itching
- All hair types
Use: Daily toner, sprayed or applied with cotton wool
3.Chamomile hydrosol (Matricaria chamomilla)
Properties:
- Intense relief
- Mild antimicrobial properties
- Reduces inflammation and redness
- Tones without irritating
Ideal for:
- Very sensitive or reactive scalp
- Mild seborrheic dermatitis
- Scalp irritated by chemicals
Use: Daily spray or rinse after shampooing
4.Peppermint hydrosol (Mentha piperita)
Properties:
- Immediate feeling of freshness
- Regulates sebum production
- Powerful antimicrobial
- Stimulates blood circulation in the scalp
Ideal for:
- Very oily scalp
- Hair that quickly becomes greasy
- Need for freshness and a toning effect
Use: 1-2 sprays daily, ideal as a spray
5.Clary sage hydrosol (Salvia sclarea)
Properties:
- Mild hormonal regulation
- Powerful antimicrobial
- Reduces sebum production
- Tones and tightens pores
Ideal for:
- Hormonal oily scalp
- Hair that quickly becomes greasy
- Hormone-related imbalances
Use: Daily spray or toning lotion
6.Noble laurel hydrosol (Laurus nobilis)
Properties:
- Very powerful antimicrobial
- Regulates sebum production
- Toning properties
- Slightly astringent
Ideal for:
- Very oily scalp with dandruff
- Significant microbial imbalance
- Need for swift action
Use: Daily spray or toning lotion
7.Orange blossom hydrosol (Citrus aurantium)
Properties:
- Gentle and natural balance
- Soothing properties
- Slightly invigorating
- Pleasant, natural fragrance
Ideal for:
- All scalp types
- Sensitive scalp
- Need for balance without excessive action
Use: Daily spray or toning lotion
8.Helichrysum hydrosol (Helichrysum italicum)
Properties:
- Intense anti-inflammatory
- Healing and regenerating
- Antimicrobial properties
- Deep calm
Ideal for:
- Highly reactive scalp or eczema
- Severe irritation
- Need for regeneration
Use: 2-3 sprays daily
9.Cornflower hydrosol (Centaurea cyanus)
Properties:
- Gentle and natural soothing
- Intense hydration
- Powerful anti-irritant
- Light toner
Ideal for:
- Very sensitive scalp
- Daily relief
- All types
Use: Daily toning lotion
10.Juniper hydrosol (Juniperus communis)
Properties:
- Purifying and draining
- Sebum regulation
- Powerful toner
- Antimicrobial properties
Ideal for:
- Oily and congested scalp
- Need for purification
- Dull hair
Use: 1-2 sprays daily

Comparison table: choosing your hydrosol
|
Hydrosol |
Scalp type |
Key features |
Active molecules |
Daily use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
True lavender |
Oily, dandruff, sensitive |
Antimicrobial, soothing, toning |
Linalool (40%), linalyl acetate |
1-2 sprays daily |
|
Damask rose |
Sensitive, dry, irritated |
pH balancing, moisturizing, anti-inflammatory |
Tannins, flavonoids |
Daily toning lotion |
|
Chamomile |
Highly sensitive, responsive |
Intense soothing, mild antimicrobial |
Bisabolol, chamazulene |
Daily spray or rinse |
|
Peppermint |
Very oily, excessive sweating |
Sebum regulation, freshness, antimicrobial |
Menthol (40-50%), menthone |
1-2 sprays daily |
|
Clary sage |
Hormonal fat, imbalance |
Hormonal regulation, powerful antimicrobial |
Phenols (5-10%), salviol |
Daily spray |
|
Bay laurel |
Oily + significant dandruff |
Very powerful antimicrobial, invigorating |
Cineole, linalool, phenols |
Daily toning lotion |
|
Orange blossom |
All types, balance |
Gentle, soothing, invigorating balance |
Citral, linalool, flavonoids |
Universal daily spray |
|
Helichrysum |
Reactive scalp, eczema |
Intense anti-inflammatory, healing |
Neryl acetate, italidiones |
2-3 sprays daily |
|
Cornflower |
Sensitive, soothing |
Soothing, moisturizing, anti-irritation |
Flavonoids, tannins |
Daily toning lotion |
|
Juniper |
Oily, purifying, draining |
Purifying, sebum regulation, toning |
Pinene, limonene, myrcene |
1-2 sprays daily |
Caption: Organic hydrosols guarantee maximum concentration of active molecules and no chemical preservatives.
Active ingredients in hydrosols: the science behind their effectiveness
Table of active molecules by hydrosol
|
Active molecule |
Rich hydrosols |
Property |
Action on the microbiome |
Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Linalool |
Lavender, Orange blossom |
Antimicrobial, soothing |
Inhibits Malassezia |
0.1-0.5% |
|
Menthol |
Peppermint |
Toning, sebum regulation |
Reduces sebum production |
0.2-0.8% |
|
Phenols |
Clary sage, Laurel |
Powerful antimicrobial |
Destroys pathogens |
0.05-0.2% |
|
Tannins |
Rose, Cornflower |
Astringent, anti-inflammatory |
Tightens pores, soothes |
0.3-1% |
|
Flavonoids |
Rose, Chamomile, Helichrysum |
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory |
Reduces inflammation |
0.2-0.6% |
|
Bisabolol |
Chamomile |
Intense relief |
Soothes skin irritation |
0.1-0.3% |
|
Citral |
Orange blossom, Juniper |
Toning, regulating |
Stimulates circulation |
0.05-0.15% |
|
Pinene |
Juniper, Laurel |
Antimicrobial, purifying |
Purifies the scalp |
0.1-0.4% |
Concentration vs. Effectiveness: Why Hydrosols Work
Why are hydrosols effective despite their low concentration?
- Molecular synergy: Active molecules work together synergistically, not in isolation. The effect is multiplicative.
- Aqueous bioavailability: Aqueous form = better absorption by hydrated skin (hydrosol vs. essential oil)
- Gentle and tolerable: Low concentration = no irritation, can be used daily without risk
- Cumulative effect: Regular application = lasting results and stable balance
- Distillation process: Natural extraction preserves the integrity of active molecules.
Scientific comparison:
|
Product |
Active concentration |
Usage |
Risk of irritation |
Microbiome effectiveness |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Lavender essential oil |
40% linalool |
1-2 drops max |
High |
Very fast but aggressive |
|
Organic lavender hydrosol |
0.1-0.5% linalool |
Daily spray |
Null |
Sustainable and balanced |
|
Chemical shampoo |
0% natural ingredients |
Daily |
Very high |
Microbiome imbalance |
Scientific verdict: Organic hydrosols offer the best balance between effectiveness and safety for daily use.
How hydrosols help the microbiome: mechanism of action
Step 1: Inhibition of Malassezia
The active molecules (terpenes, phenols) penetrate the cell wall of Malassezia and inhibit its proliferation without destroying beneficial bacteria.
Result: Gradual reduction in dandruff and itching (2-3 weeks)
Step 2: Restoring pH
Hydrosol lowers the pH of the scalp from 7-8 (tap water) to 4.5-5.5 (optimal).
Result: Environment hostile to pathogens, favorable to beneficial bacteria
Step 3: Strengthening the skin barrier
Soothing molecules (flavonoids, tannins) reduce inflammation and strengthen the skin barrier.
Result: Less itching, more resilient scalp
Step 4: Sustainable balance
With regular use, the microbiome naturally rebalances itself.
Result: Healthier, less oily hair, free of dandruff (4-6 weeks)
How to use hydrosols on a daily basis: a practical guide
Using hydrosolson a daily basis is simple and flexible. Here are the different methodsof application for incorporating hydrosols into your skincare routine.
Method 1: Daily spray (the simplest)
Materials: Spray bottle withorganic hydrosolSteps:
- Spray 2-3 times onto the scalp (not onto the hair).
- Massage gently with your fingertips (30 seconds).
- Allow to dry naturally
- Repeat in the morning and/or evening
Advantages: Fast, convenient, residue-free Ideal for: All scalp types
Method 2: Toner (apply with cotton pad)
Materials: Hydrosol + cotton pad or makeup remover padSteps:
- Soak a cotton pad with hydrosol
- Apply to the scalp in sections
- Massage gently
- Let dry
Benefits: Precise control, ideal for very oily scalps Ideal for: Oily scalps, localized dandruff
Method 3: Rinsing after shampooing
Materials: Hydrosol +warm waterSteps:
- Mild conditioner, rinse with lukewarm water
- Spray the hydrosol onto damp scalp.
- Massage gently
- Rinse lightly or allow to dry
Benefits: Easy to add to your routine, immediate results Ideal for: All hair types, especially sensitive scalps
Method 4: Botanical mist (custom blend)
Materials: 2-3 hydrosols +spray bottleSteps:
- Mix 2-3 hydrosols (e.g., 50% lavender + 30% rose + 20% chamomile)
- Pour into a spray bottle
- Spray daily
- Shake well before each use.
Benefits: Synergistic action, personalized Ideal for: Complex scalp (oily + sensitive)
Method 5: Purifying mask (1-2 times per week)
Materials: Hydrosol + white orgreen claySteps:
- Mix 2 tablespoons of clay + 3 tablespoons of hydrosol
- Apply to the scalp (avoid hair)
- Leave on for 15-20 minutes
- Rinse with lukewarm water
- Spray the hydrosol after
Benefits: Intensive action, deep cleansing Ideal for: Very oily scalp, severe dandruff
Table: Choose your application method
|
Method |
Frequency |
Time |
Effectiveness |
Ideal for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Daily spray |
1-2 times per day |
1 minute |
Very good |
All types |
|
Toner |
1-2 times per day |
3-5 minutes |
Excellent |
Grease, dandruff |
|
Rinsing after shampooing |
3-4 times per week |
2 minutes |
Very good |
Sensitive |
|
Botanical mist |
1-2 times per day |
1 minute |
Excellent |
Complex |
|
Purifying mask |
1-2 times per week |
20 minutes |
Excellent |
Very fatty |
Tips for daily use
- ✅ Spray directly onto the scalp, not onto the hair (to avoid residue).
- ✅ Massage gently to promote the penetration of active molecules.
- ✅ Use an organic hydrosol: guarantees purity and maximum effectiveness.
- ✅ Be patient: it takes at least 2-3 weeks to see visible results.
- ✅ Keep at it regularly: balance is maintained through consistency.
- ✅ Test first: apply to a small area to check for tolerance.
- ✅ Mix with a few drops of vegetable oil (jojoba, coconut) if you have a very dry scalp.
- ✅ Discover your favorite hydrosol: every skin is unique, so try several
Complete routine to rebalance your scalp
Week 1-2: Gentle cleansing + hydrosol
Morning:
- Spray the chosen hydrosol onto the scalp (2-3 sprays).
- Massage gently with your fingertips (30 seconds).
- Allow to dry naturally
Evening:
- Mild shampoo (sulfate-free) lukewarm
- Rinsing with cold water
- Spray the hydrosol onto damp scalp.
- Let dry
Week 3-4: Intensification
Add 1-2 times per week:
- Gentle purifying mask (white or green clay)
- Mix with hydrosol (not water)
- Apply to the scalp (15 minutes)
- Rinse with lukewarm water
- Spray the hydrosol after
Week 5-6: Maintenance
Stable daily routine:
- Morning: 1 spray of hydrosol
- Evening: Gentle shampoo + hydrosol
- 1-2 times per week: Purifying mask
Important tips
- ✅ Use an organic hydrosol: guarantees purity and effectiveness
- ✅Spray directly onto the scalp, not onto the hair
- ✅Massage gently to promote absorption.
- ✅Be patient: it takes at least 2-3 weeks to see results.
- ✅Keep at it regularly: balance is maintained through consistency.
Preserving hydrosols: techniques and best practices
Why conservation is critical
Hydrosols are more fragile than essential oils because they contain water. Without proper storage, they can:
- Become contaminated with bacteria or mold
- Lose their active properties
- Develop an unpleasant odor
Optimal storage conditions
|
Condition |
Recommendation |
Reason |
Impact on quality |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Light |
Light protection (opaque bottle) |
Light degrades active molecules |
30-50% loss of effectiveness in 3 months |
|
Temperature |
Cool (59–68°F) |
Hydrosols degrade when heated. |
Accelerated microbial contamination |
|
Humidity |
Sec (< 60% humidité) |
Water promotes contamination |
Mold growth |
|
Shelf life |
12 months after opening |
Hydrosols contain water |
Risk of contamination after 12 months |
|
Bottle |
Opaque glass with spray |
Protects against UV rays and oxidation |
Preserves active properties |
|
Technical access |
Close after each use |
Prevents oxidation and contamination |
Extends service life by 3-6 months |
Practical tip: Write the opening date on the bottle to keep track of its shelf life.
Convenient storage
Best place: Bathroom cabinet (cool, dry, away from light) Avoid: Window, very humid bathroom, refrigerator, near the radiator
Signs of deterioration
⚠️ Discard the hydrosol if:
- Unpleasant odor or vinegar
- Visible cloudiness or sediment
- Color change
- Exceeding 12 months after opening
FAQ: Your questions about hydrosols and the microbiome
Q1: How long before I see results?
A: The first results appear within 2-3 weeks (less itching, less oily hair). Full results (disappearance of dandruff, stable balance) take 4-6 weeks of regular use.Why? The microbiome gradually rebalances itself. Patience is key.
Q2: Can I mix several hydrosols together?
A: Yes, it is even recommended for more comprehensive action. Examples:
- Oily + sensitive scalp: Lavender + Chamomile (50/50)
- Oily scalp + dandruff: Lavender + Clary sage (60/40)
- Dry + irritated scalp: Rose + Chamomile (50/50)
Tip: Test each hydrosol on its own first to identify your preference.
Q3: Can hydrosols affect the microbiota if used too often?
A: No, unlike antibiotics or harsh chemicals. Hydrosols strengthen the hair's natural balance. You can use them daily without risk.However, if you have very reactive skin, start with 3-4 sprays per week, then gradually increase.
Q4: Which hydrosol is best for oily hair that quickly becomes greasy?
A: The best choices are:
- Peppermint hydrosol: Regulates sebum + feeling of freshness
- Clary sage hydrosol: Hormonal action + sebum regulation
- Lavender hydrosol: Overall balance + antimicrobial
Use: Spray 1-2 times daily onto the scalp.
Q5: Can I use a hydrosol if I have seborrheic dermatitis?
A: Yes, absolutely. Hydrosols are particularly effective for seborrheic dermatitis because they:
- Inhibit Malassezia (main cause)
- Reduce inflammation
- Rebalance the microbiome
Recommendation: Start with lavender or chamomile hydrosol (milder), 1-2 sprays daily.Important: If the dermatitis is severe, consult a dermatologist at the same time.
Q6: Are organic hydrosols really better than conventional hydrosols?
A: Yes, for several reasons:
- Purity: No pesticides or chemical residues
- Efficacy: Maximum concentration of active molecules
- Tolerance: Better skin compatibility
- Sustainability: Environmentally friendly extraction
Verdict: For daily use on the scalp, organic hydrosols offer the best balance of effectiveness and safety.
Q7: Can hydrosols be used internally to improve the skin microbiome?
A: Technically possible, but not recommended without medical advice. Hydrosols are formulated for external use. To improve the microbiome from within, choose:
- Foods rich in probiotics (yogurt, kefir, kimchi)
- Regular hydration
- Stress management
- Quality sleep
Q8: What is the best hydrosol for all hair types?
A: Rose or orange blossom hydrosols are the most versatile because they:
- Balances without irritating
- Suitable for sensitive skin
- Offer gentle yet effective action
- Have a pleasant scent
Tip: Start with one of these two, then adjust according to your reaction.
Q9: How can I tell if my scalp has an unbalanced microbiome?
A: Warning signs:
- ✓ Visible dandruff (dry or oily)
- ✓ Chronic itching
- ✓ Hair that quickly becomes greasy
- ✓ Redness or irritation
- ✓ Unpleasant scalp odor
- ✓ Dull or brittle hair
If you have 3+ symptoms: Your microbiome is likely out of balance. Hydrosols can help.
Q10: Do hydrosols replace shampoo?
A: No. Hydrosols complement shampoo; they do not replace it. Ideal routine:
- Mild shampoo (cleansing)
- Hydrosol (rebalancing + soothing)
- Conditioner (if hair is long/dry)
Tip: Use a sulfate-free shampoo so as not to cancel out the effect of the hydrosol.
In summary: key points to remember
- ✅ The scalp microbiome is a living ecosystem that is essential for hair health.
- ✅ An imbalance causes dandruff, itching, and oily hair.
- ✅ Organic hydrosols rebalance the microbiome thanks to their gentle active molecules.
- ✅ Each hydrosol has specific properties: lavender (oily), rose (sensitive), mint (very oily)
- ✅ Regular (daily) use provides visible results in 2-3 weeks.
- ✅ Storage in an opaque, cool, dry bottle preserves effectiveness.
- ✅ Organic hydrosols guarantee purity and maximum concentration of active ingredients.
- ✅ Patience and consistency are the keys to success: 4-6 weeks for lasting balance
Useful sources
Scientific sources and official resources
Scientific reference articles
- Grice, E. A., & Segre, J. A. (2011)."The skin microbiome."Nature Reviews Microbiology, 9(4), 244-253.
- Gupta, A. K., et al. (2004)."Malassezia species: retrospective review and future outlook."Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 51(6), 955-968.
- Baydar, H., et al. (2004)."Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris and Thymbra spicata."Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(14), 4477-4483.
Official resources
-
ANSM (French National Agency for Medicines Safety) — French regulations on cosmetics
- Ecocert — Organic certification for cosmetics
- Cosmebio — French organic cosmetics quality label